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Bonamia menziesii

A.Gray (1862)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Solanales Family: Convolvulaceae Genus: Bonamia

bonamia

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Lianas or occasionally vines or subshrubs.

Stems: Stems twining, especially the lateral branches.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Blades soft coriaceous, oblong–elliptic, ovate to rarely orbicular 3–9 cm long, 1–4 cm wide. Apex truncate, emarginate, obtuse, or acute. Base usually rounded. Upper surfaces glabrous or with short tomentulose hairs; lower surfaces densely yellowish brown tomentose, rarely glabrous. Margins entire or occasionally undulate. Petioles 8–25 mm long. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers solitary or sometimes in cymes, pedicels 1-2 cm long, with 2 scale-like bracts at base. Bracts small, scale-like, or larger and foliaceous. Flowers bisexual (perfect), actinomorphic, 5-merous. Calyx of 5 sepals, distinct, imbricate, soft coriaceous, persistent, ovate, sericeous to glabrous, 7–10 mm long, the outer 2 slightly longer than inner ones, yellowish brown tomentose, apex usually acute. Corolla of 5 fused petals; petals white to greenish white, funnelform, 20–25 mm long, 15–20 mm wide, hirsute with brown hairs in 5 bands. Stamens 5, distinct; unequal to equal, with glandular hairs at base of filaments, rarely glabrous; filaments inserted on corolla tube base alternate with corolla lobes; anthers dithecal, oblong to oblong–sagittate, cordate at base, extrorse. Ovary superior, 2-carpellate, 2-celled, placentation basal or basal-axile; ovules 2(4, 6) per cell, long–pilose to hirsute or glabrous; styles 2, distinct or nearly so to partly connate, the stylar branches equal or unequal, usually glabrous; stigmas globose to capitate, reniform, or rarely peltate.

Fruit: Capsules dehiscent by valves; usually with 4–8 valves; sometimes fewer; tan to yellowish brown; tardily dehiscent or indehiscent; usually pendent; chartaceous; ovoid–conical; 10–15 mm long; 7–10 mm wide; glabrous. Seeds 1 or occasionally 2; dark brown to black; surrounded by black pulp; ovoid; 6–8 mm long; 4–5 mm wide; glabrous; smooth or punctate; glabrous or woolly at least on margins; seed coat hard or soft; perisperm thin and transparent; cotyledons usually foliaceous.

Ploidy: 2n = 30*

Habitat: Rare in dry to mesic forest; rarely in wet forest.

Elevation Range: 150–625 m.

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Kaua'i Endemic
O'ahu Endemic
Molokai Endemic
Lana'i Endemic
Maui Endemic
Hawai'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Notes

  • 150-625 m
  • Description digitized by Kaleo
  • all evidence indicates that it is a somewhat unusual form of Bonamia (Myint & Ward, 1968). Bonamia menziesii apparently has close affinities with taxa of northwestern South and Central America.
  • on all of the main islands except Ni'ihau and Kaho'olawe

Bibliography

Name Published In: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 5: 336 (1862)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:550 (K, O, Mo, L, M, H); Brummitt 2011 (recommendation for conservation); Hank Oppenheimer pers. obs./Rock 14015 BISH (Mo†, 1918); Hank Oppenheimer pers. obs./Oppenheimer H10702 BISH (L†, 2007)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 14015 Molokai BISH 1918-05-21
2 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Liana. Herbst, D.R. 2819 Kauai BISH 1972-10-07
3 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Flws white, no fragrance. Austin, D.F. 7460 Maui BISH 1985-05-13
4 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Woody branching vine growing over Psychotria, Osmanthus, and Grevillea, est. 10 individuals total Takeuchi, W.N. 2434 Oahu BISH 1985-09-01
5 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 16 Lanai BISH 1927-05-28
6 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 92 Lanai BISH 1914-04-18
7 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 13492 Kauai BISH 1933-12-22
8 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Lamoureux, C.H. 2817 Oahu BISH 1964-11-02
9 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 2508 Oahu BISH 1917-05-04
10 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Lamoureux, C.H. 2817 Oahu BISH 1964-11-02
11 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. Lanai BISH 1914-04-14
12 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details NE facing slope; with Metrosideros, Psychotria, Santalum, Pipturus, Pisonia, Hedyotis acuminata, Schinus, Psidium guajava, Lantana, Cordyline fruticosa Preserved_Specimen ~15 scattered vines; with fruit Perlman, S. 15633 Kauai BISH 1996-10-17
13 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Psidium-Schinus forest with residual populations of lama, hoawa, and olopua; growing near Bonamia 3090. Preserved_Specimen Takeuchi, W.N. 3091 Oahu BISH 1986-12-25
14 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Fosberg, F.R. 12537 Lanai BISH 1936-12-01
15 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 14015 Molokai BISH 1918-05-21
16 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 1804 Kauai BISH 1983-08-20
17 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 2275 Maui BISH 1920-05-09
18 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 2067 Maui BISH 1920-03-23
19 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rémy, J. 421 Maui BISH 1851-01-01
20 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Munro, J.T. Oahu BISH 1963-03-09
21 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Sun exposed slopes of steep gully. Preserved_Specimen Takeuchi, W.N. 3415 Oahu BISH 1987-01-01
22 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Planted on chain link fence on boundary of garden, beside tall condominium, sloping ground, sunny for most of day Preserved_Specimen Woody climber twining to 3 m high and 4 m wide on fence; leaves slivery hairy; flowers pendent, odorless, corolla tubular-campanulate, white, brownish hairy outside; stamens and pistil included; fruits globose, green, with persistent corolla and pistil. Fruits dry, brown, indehiscent but breaking eventually, 1 or 2-seeded; seeds black, covered in gummy, sticky layer (perisperm ?), underneath brown, glabrous Staples, G.W. 1613 Oahu BISH 2014-12-17
23 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Many rare spp. in vicinity, specimen tagged for future reference Preserved_Specimen Takeuchi, W.N. 3251 Oahu BISH 1987-01-18
24 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Small gulch on S side of upper Makua Valley. Creeping at bottom of dry cliff. Preserved_Specimen Juvenile; therefore glabrate. Degener, O. 6063 Oahu BISH 1931-05-10
25 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Vine covering Eugenia tree ca 40' tall. Preserved_Specimen Liana with whitish flowers. Base of stem 1.5 in. in diameter Herbst, D.R. 5648 Oahu BISH 1976-02-15
26 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Imura, J. Oahu BISH 1963-03-02
27 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rémy, J. 421 Maui BISH 1851-01-01
28 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Welton, P. 740 Oahu BISH 1991-06-30
29 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Mann, H. 618 Oahu BISH 1864-01-01
30 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 430 Molokai BISH 1912-08-01
31 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Cory, C. Oahu BISH 1986-02-06
32 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. Lanai BISH 1919-03-19
33 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Lydgate, J.M. Kauai BISH
34 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Hawaii BISH
35 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details On N facing slope, in Diospyros-Sapindus lowland mesic forest with Bonamia, Euphorbia haeleeleana, Canthium, Reynoldsia, Dodonaea, Panicum maximum, Schiedea hookeri. Preserved_Specimen Perlman, S. 5790 Oahu BISH 1987-04-28
36 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Climbing on dead olopua. Associated species, relative abundance: Passiflora, Osmanthus, Pisonia, Metrosideros, Lantana. Preserved_Specimen Vine, flower chartaceous fruit, awn-like. Gagné, W.C. 531 Kauai BISH 1970-08-21
37 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Rain forest. Preserved_Specimen Vine, Ht 10 m. MacDaniels, L.H. 652 Kauai BISH 1927-02-11
38 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details On lava beds. Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 3542 Hawaii BISH 1909-06-04
39 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Liana growing over Leucaena shrubs. Very dry area Preserved_Specimen Liana. Herbst, D.R. 5700 Oahu BISH 1976-03-07
40 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Diospyros sandwicensis mesic forest. W/ Diospyros hillebrandii, Syzygium sandwicensis, Antidesma platyphylla, Psychotria mariniana, Myrsine lanaiensis, Bobea elatior, Rauvolfia sandwicensis, Pteralyxia kauaiensis, Santalum freycinetianu Preserved_Specimen vine, 10 m scandent in Nestegis sandwicensis, vigorous main stem of 12 cm diameter, single plant observed. Wood, K.R. 9964 Kauai BISH 2002-09-10
41 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Climber on ohia 3269, from same colony as Bonamia 3251. Preserved_Specimen Takeuchi, W.N. 3252 Oahu BISH 1987-01-18
42 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Top of grade heavily tracked by cattle, draped over native shrubbery at levels well below browse line. Preserved_Specimen Takeuchi, W.N. 3251 Oahu BISH 1987-01-18
43 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Very rare vine climbing to top of 20 ft tree of Pleomele forbesii. Relict dryland forest of Sapindus oahuensis, Osmanthus, Erythrina, Reynoldsia, Nototrichum, etc., on steep walls of small gulch. Preserved_Specimen Hatheway, W.H. 156 Oahu BISH 1950-08-08
44 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Vine covering a 40 ft tall Eugenia tree. Preserved_Specimen Liana with whitish flowers. Base of stem 1 1/2 in. in diameter. Herbst, D.R. 5648 Oahu BISH 1976-02-15
45 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Very rare vine climbing to top of 20 ft tree of Pleomele forbesii. Relict dryland forest of Sapindus oahuensis, Osmanthus, Erythrina, Reynoldsia, Nototrichum, etc., on steep walls of small gulch. Preserved_Specimen Hatheway, W.H. 156 Oahu BISH 1950-08-08
46 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Forested ridge. Preserved_Specimen Christophersen, E. 3655 Oahu BISH 1932-05-18
47 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Dry. Preserved_Specimen Russ, G.W. Oahu BISH 1932-05-01
48 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Dry forest. Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 30 Lanai BISH 1913-08-01
49 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Woods on precipitous slope. Preserved_Specimen Strong vine climbing over 15 ft trees making a dense tangle, branches at least 20 ft long, some times more. St.John, H. 13492 Kauai BISH 1933-12-22
50 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Dry forests. Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 152 Lanai BISH 1913-06-01
51 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details On partly wooded sunny slope 50 ft above stream. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 5975 Oahu BISH 1932-06-04
52 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Within exclosure. Vegetation: Diospyros, Erythrina, Nesoluma, Metrosideros, Dodonaea, Pleomele, Wikstroemia, Rauvolfia, Melanthera, Cocculus, Ipomoea, Osteomeles, Psydrax, Argemone, Doryopteris, Melinis, Bocconia, Asclepias, Lantana Preserved_Specimen Oppenheimer, H.L. 71204 Maui BISH 2012-07-25
53 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Central ridge. Psidium stand along crest line, along ground and twining around stems. Preserved_Specimen Takeuchi, W.N. 2673 Oahu BISH 1986-06-15
54 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros-Acacia mixed mesic forest w/Alphitonia ponderosa, Diospyros sandwicensis, Chrysodracon aurea, Psychotria mariniana, Dodonaea viscosa, Wikstroemia furcata, Planchonella sandwicensis, Pittosporum kauaiensis, Dryopteris glabra Preserved_Specimen Vine, 5 cm diameter near base, scandent into Diospyros sandwicensis, with Cryptocarya mannii, Elaeocarpus bifidus, Planchonella sandwicensis, Bobea breipes, healthy large plant, vegetative, mapped Wood, K.R. 16329 Kauai BISH 2015-02-26
55 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Summer-dry forest, extremely large colony extending over ca. 1 acre of slope, pop. too large for accurated census but easily greater than 100 plants Compete successfully against Passiflora in the height intervals above 2 m but cannot contend with alien growth when in the ground mode Preserved_Specimen Lianas terrestrial and/or twining climbers, best performance in stand sections with the H & S layers clean but also penetrates congested understories, shows ability to... Takeuchi, W.N. 3548 Oahu BISH 1987-05-14
56 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details with Erythrina sandwicensis, Sida fallax, Cenchrus ciliaris, Achyranthes splendens, Nototrichium sandwicensis, Dodonaea, Chamaesyce, Bidens pilosa, Lantana, Zinnia, Acacia koaia, Argemone glauca, Senna gaudichaudii, Canavalia pubescens Preserved_Specimen 1 sprawling, vining, with lots of fruit, no flowers Perlman, S. 15340 Maui BISH 1996-04-23
57 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros lowland wet forest with Antidesma platyphyllum var. hillebrandii, Syszygium sandwicensis, Cheirodendron spp, Ilex anomala, Tetraplasandra, Dubautia knudsenii, Psychotria mariniana, P. hexandra, Psychotria wawrae, Hedyotis terminalis, Melicope sp In open flat region. Preserved_Specimen vines, 5cm diameter at base, scandent in Antidesma platyphyllum, 5-7m long Wood, K.R. 8119 Kauai BISH 2000-01-06
58 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details El bosque seco cerca del pueblo de Aina Haina. Este numero al lado de 3548, el escpecie concentrada en sitios con sol, parcial, sobre todo debajo de Rauvolfia, Sapindus, y Pittosporum. Preserved_Specimen Takeuchi, W.N. 3549 Oahu BISH 1987-05-14
59 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Dry forests. Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 152 Lanai BISH 1913-06-01
60 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Small arid, rocky gully two-thirds of a mile from the sea. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 4111 Oahu BISH 1932-02-07
61 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Diverse Mesic Forest W/ Lantana, Pisonia, and Diospyros, growing up over fallen Psydrax, Metrosideros polymorpha, Aleurites, Acacia koa, Pouteria sandwicensis, Pittosporum, Streblus pendulinus, Doodia kunthiana, Carex sp. Preserved_Specimen Tan vine about 1inch diam. growing up on dead logs and above thicket of Lantana 15-20 ft. Vine growing up then cascading down. Undersides of leaves facing sun. Leaves w/ slight sparse hairs below dull green, above dark green w/ yellow spots. New growth w/brown hairs. Tangalin, N. 1958 Kauai BISH 2009-03-06
62 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Small arid, rocky gully two-thirds of a mile from the sea. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 4111 Oahu BISH 1932-02-07
63 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Psidium-Schinus forest with residual populations of lama, hoawa, and olopua. Preserved_Specimen Takeuchi, W.N. 3090 Oahu BISH 1986-12-25
64 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Small arid, rocky gully two-thirds of a mile from the sea. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 4111 Oahu BISH 1932-02-07
65 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In Diospyros-Nestegis lowland dry forest with Pouteria, Myrsine, Nothocestrum, Bobea, Canthium, Lantana, Leucaena. Preserved_Specimen 4 vines with flower and fruit. Perlman, S. 5893 Lanai BISH 1987-05-24
66 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Liana growing over Leucaena shrubs. Very dry area Preserved_Specimen Liana. Herbst, D.R. 5700 Oahu BISH 1976-03-07
67 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Dry forest. Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. Lanai BISH 1969-01-01
68 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details On steep slope under canopy of native plants, growing over a Eugenia sandwicensis tree. Preserved_Specimen Liana 1 1/2 in. in diameter. Obata, J.K. Oahu BISH 1976-03-07
69 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Single plant climbing over dry forest tree. Degener, O. 28538 Lanai BISH 1963-08-15
70 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Climbing trees & sprawling on ground, in remnant dry forest degraded by axis deer and Eucalyptus. Preserved_Specimen Vines. Oppenheimer, H.L. 10702 Lanai BISH 2007-01-03
71 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Liana in Schinus and Psidium dominant community, summer dry habitat Preserved_Specimen Vine climbs to 3 m height; fertile cuttings near apex, detached leaves from lower part of stem Takeuchi, W.N. 2445 Oahu BISH 1985-09-07
72 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Locally common ground creeper and climber, high quality association in immediate vicinity but vegetation extremely weedy on the larger spatial scale. Habitat subject to episodic firings from runaway burns emanating in Makua. Preserved_Specimen Exceptionally glabrous phenotype; this character is constant in the population and no individual exhibits the usual underleaf pubescence. Takeuchi, W.N. 32023203 Oahu BISH 1986-12-01
73 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Liane enthwined on Canthium and Santalum, ascending to 3 m. height and fruiting at the canopy break. Preserved_Specimen Liane ascending to 3 m height and fruiting at canopy break. Takeuchi, W.N. 597 Oahu BISH 1985-05-10
74 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Climber on Dodonaea. Preserved_Specimen Takeuchi, W.N. 3487 Oahu BISH 1987-03-01
75 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details On rocky, grassy, sparingly shrubby precipitous slope. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 21257 Oahu BISH 1951-01-25
76 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Large vine. Herbst, D.R. 2454 Kauai BISH 1972-05-30
77 Bonamia menziesii Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen With white flowers. Herbst, D.R. 5790 Lanai BISH 1976-03-31
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